In many countries of the world, there is a growing interest in underground construction, which is considered an effective solution for improving the efficiency of urban infrastructure and public transport. In addition, it allows the increasing of limited spaces in cities, enables the development of public spaces, and also contributes to solving air and groundwater pollution problems. In the context of the current war situation in Ukraine, there is growing interest in the adaptation of existing underground spaces, in particular those related to urban transport, for educational, cultural, commercial and tourist purposes. This article provides a spatial analysis of selected underground urban structures as an alternative solution in urban design, with a special emphasis on the integration of functions and spatial configuration in the context of sustainable development goals. A spatial analysis based in particular on Space Syntax theory was used to understand the compositional structure of the underground facilities and to identify the relationships between different spaces, including those that shape user movement patterns. Spatial analysis of selected underground objects shows that the design of spaces with cultural and educational functions in an underground context should take into account the appropriate balance between stationery and transit zones. The article also discusses the compatibility of the development of underground urban structures for cultural and educational functions with sustainable development goals, such as resource efficiency, reuse of materials and construction, reducing negative environmental impacts and improving the quality of life of people.